HVAC (Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning)

HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. The collective systems that control temperature, humidity, and air quality in occupied spaces. In the Indian office context, heating is rarely a primary concern; the dominant loads are cooling (dealing with solar gain, occupancy heat, and equipment) and fresh air ventilation.

Office HVAC configurations vary by building type: central chilled water systems with AHUs and FCUs are standard in Grade A buildings; VRF/VRV systems are common in smaller premises or warm shell conversions; dedicated precision cooling is required for server rooms. In a Cat B fit-out, the tenant's MEP consultant must coordinate with the landlord's base building HVAC to ensure that additional loads are served without overloading existing equipment. HVAC typically represents 30–40% of a fit-out's MEP cost.

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